Many people know how to look like the veins of the legs, varicose veins the defeat. But tumidus purple blood vessels appear, patients immediately. The disease develops gradually, which means that the degradation could be avoided. Knowing how to look the stage of varicose veins in the legs, on the measures that help to stop the disease, one is able to take care of your health. Timely access to a doctor and change your lifestyle will help to prevent complications and disability.
The stage of the disease
Varicose disease of the lower limbs develops gradually. The totality of the symptoms of this vascular disease fit into the scaena for. Classification to describe the next stage of the varicose veins of the lower limbs:
- Stage 1 – payment;
- Stage 2 – subcompensated;
- Stage 3 – decompensated.
Sometimes, complications of the disease refers to the manifestations of the phase 4 of the varicose veins.
Some patients called stage degrees. In fact, in degrees klassificeret the severity of the manifestations of the chronic venous insufficiency:
- 0 degree — failure is absent;
- 1 — manifestations of the syndrome of "heavy legs";
- 2 — unstable swelling;
- 3 — persistent edema, the appearance of hyperpigmented, lesions of the subcutaneous tissue, eczema;
- 4 – the appearance of trophic ulcers.
To get an idea about how the disease develops, you must carefully photos stages of varicose veins and to make the description of the symptoms of this vascular disease.
Stage 1
The description of the first phase of varicose veins deserves more attention, because the appearance of changes of this scale often goes unnoticed. The appearance of the extremities has not changed. People who have similar symptoms, do not hurry to go to the doctor and to change something in your life, the habits. This leads to loss of precious time and resources of the organism. After all, in the first stage of varicose veins is possible to deal with the disease with minimal losses.
Symptoms
You should pay attention to the following directions:
- In the legs the feeling of heaviness.
- There is pain in the legs, legs are "tired".
- Swelling of the feet and ankles.
- Cramps in the calf muscles at night.
- Of the skin visible spider veins, mesh.
Discomfort in the legs with varicose veins of degree 1 that appears in the night or after a significant load: if the person was or walking long distances. The disease is found in a state of compensated, an ordinary activities do not suffer. Therefore, patients describe the symptoms as you reach the end of a hard day and not give them a value.
Note!
After a night's sleep or relax the discomfort and inflammation are. Small venous "stars" in the legs or hips can be perceived as a default aesthetic that is not a reason to seek medical assistance. Thus, the complaints in this stage of varicose veins is not. Their condition, the patients to assess how "tired" or "this feature of the feet."
Treatment
In the first stage of varicose veins, as it is necessary to consult a vascular surgeon. The treatment includes:
- The use of the therapeutic hosiery for continuous wear. In this stage, you should choose products of the class 1 compression. Using them will help to normalize the exit of the blood from the legs and feet and prevent further progression of the disease.
- Physiotherapy. The procedure assigns a phlebologist; consolidated the use of magnetic therapy. Also, the initial manifestations recommended the adoption of laser therapy, helping to deal with emerging spider veins.
- The purpose of the courses of drugs that act on the vascular wall
- Sclerotherapy and microsclerotherapy. If signs of varicose veins is carried out by the union affected veins, enter in its brilliance special substance sclerosant.
- Hydrotherapy: cold baths, bath contrast for the night to relieve the inflammation and improve the tone of venous.
Note!
The change of style of life: the normalization of weight, hormonal levels, avoid habits that are harmful and physical exercise to stimulate the blood flow in Vienna, the legs, reduce the risk of progression of varicose veins.
Stage 2
If measures are not taken, vascular disorders lead to changes in the wall of the vein, the valves do not cope with the increased workload. The first stage symptoms become more pronounced, new. The disease begins to limit the activity. Varicose veins enters the stage of subcompensation.
Symptoms
The patients in this phase, noted:
- Swelling of the legs.
- Pain in the legs.
- Swelling in the legs.
- Frequent cramps in the calf muscle at night.
- Alters the sensitivity of the skin on the legs, appear "creepy".
- On his feet are visible enlarged blue veins.
Varicose veins 2 likely save the unpleasant symptoms and after a sufficient rest. Thus, the swelling of the legs during the night does not pass, the pain started to produce even after the normal loads.
About the disease speaks eloquently of the veins in the lower extremities. They are visible on the posterior surface of the tibia in the popliteal fossa, the internal surface of the thigh. The skin above the affected veins may itch, occurs numbness, possible initial manifestations of the pigmentation. Varicosity often affects blood vessels in both legs, but there are unilateral symptoms.
Treatment
The second phase of the varicose veins will require constant wearing compression underwear 2 class. This Jersey has a more pronounced compressis action, preventing the development of structural changes in the walls of the veins and the deformation of the valves. After surgical or non-surgical treatment your doctor may recommend the use of bandages, elastic.
- Medication at this stage of the varicose veins of the legs will not be as effective as the initial manifestations. We recommend the appointment of a venotonic and vascular preparations.
- Hirudotherapy. The use of leeches to improve the blood properties, to reduce the interruption of blood flow and inflammation.
- Sclerotherapy.
- Short Stripping – surgery to remove sections of the affected vein.
- The use of non-surgical method of Foam-form. The essence of the procedure consists in the introduction into the affected large veins sclerosant foam. Injection of substances to block the blood vessels.
- Massage, contrast showers.
Stage 3
When moving the varicose veins in the third phase the symptoms of the infection varicose veins in the legs represented in the stagnation and malnutrition of tissues. Pronounced the skin changes in the phase of decompensation easily seen with the naked eye. The symptoms of varicose veins 3 degrees to substantially limit the life activity of the patient.
Symptoms
Here the clinical signs of this stage:
- In the course of the veins marked tenderness.
- Swelling of the feet is of a permanent nature.
- Patients note a great heaviness in the lower limbs.
- Swelling, pain, bother almost constantly, the rest does not improve the condition of the feet.
- At night, frequent cramps in the legs.
- The veins start bulging, which extended in all or in certain areas, the channels have a blue-purple color.
- Around the major veins visible fine mesh of tiny blood vessels.
- At this stage, pronounced skin changes: dryness, flaking, thinning, appearance of pigmentation, brown on the affected veins.
- From the stagnation in the veins and lymphatic system of the subcutaneous tissue begins to harden.
- The malnutrition stage 3 leads to the degradation of the nails, the loss of the vegetation to the legs.
- The interruption of blood flow leads to the appearance of a tone bluish of the shins and feet "feel cold".
Treatment
In the phase of decompensation of varicose veins advised to wear compression hosiery class 3 compression or the use of bandages, elastic.
Medication includes courses venotonic, vascular preparations. If you have pain syndrome recommend local use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory funds.
Surgical treatment in this stage of varicose veins is carried out for an amount higher than the initial manifestations of the disease. Of the appropriateness of one or another technique it is possible to speak only after a thorough examination, identify complications and comorbidities.
Complications
This stage of varicose veins patients are often referred to as the 4 degree of the disease, so that has to describe the symptoms in more detail. The appearance of complications associated with changes in the state of the walls of the veins, disorders of local blood flow. The malnutrition of the tissues with varicose veins leads to trophic changes. The vessels of the legs become more fragile, so easily torn from minor impact, which leads to bleeding or adhesion of blood cells (platelets) in the place of the injury. So that when it is executed by the varicose veins develop the following complications:
- Trophic ulcers. In the skin of the feet appear purple-crimson points, then, in this place, there is a defect in the skin with a sore, jagged edges. Of the surface area of the ulcers may ooze a yellowish turbid liquid. If I join the infection, the appearance of pus. This condition is difficult to treat.
- The bleeding. At this stage of the varicose veins of the walls of the veins become thinner, become brittle. The bleeding may be associated with some additional damage or occur spontaneously. The blood poured out or penetrates subcutaneous tissue.
- Thrombophlebitis. If you find this complication of varicose veins, the patients complain of pain over the affected veins, swelling of the legs. Limb touch more than cold. If the thrombosis occurred in the veins superficial, the localization of damage possible to determine during the inspection: the focus of inflammation express the pain, the skin appears purple, red stripes.
- Deep vein thrombosis. One of the most serious complications in the phase of decompensation. This complication is patients with varicose veins notice immediately, because the clot does not always cover completely the affected vein. Pain, swelling of the legs. Glowing skin without symptoms. A dangerous complication of a blood clot separation and drift in the branches of the pulmonary artery with the lightning development of the embolism, from which the patient dies in a few seconds.
Treatment
Treatment of varicose veins (4th grade or complications of the disease) may require hospitalization because of the inability of the state control of the household. The danger of this stage lies not only in the appearance of the life-threatening disease, but in the case of recurrence of complications.
- Medication includes the use of venotonic, vascular drugs, anti-inflammatory drugs.
- The appearance of trophic ulcers connect to local therapy, aimed to accelerate the healing of these defects of the skin, local antibiotic therapy.
- When thrombophlebitis of the veins of the surfaces is carried out venectomy.
- Deep vein thrombosis is being treated in hospital: the conservative drugs that dissolve the blood clot and reduce its viscosity, or perform a thrombectomy.
Important!
The bleeding of the veins when varicose veins require immediate assistance: apply a compression bandage, elevate the limb affected, if it is possible to apply ice and call an ambulance.
Physical therapy is also recommended in case of complications of varicose veins:
- irradiation with ultraviolet;
- magnetic therapy;
- pneumomassage;
- hirudotherapy.
When the first signs of varicose veins should seek medical assistance immediately to prevent the progression of the disease and the appearance of the life-threatening complications.